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The Article Review By: Efrain Gonzalez Jr. Law/421 March 10, 2013 Chuck Ward In this article review the author will present an article that specifically related to e-business and intellectual property. The information provided in this review will identify different types of and legal protections for intellectual property. The information describes, provide, and analyze the legal issues of e-business to include intellectual property, privacy, ethics, and security. The first piece of information that will be discussed is various types of legal protections for intellectual property.There are several different types of legal protection for intellectual property, and the primary legal mechanisms for protection of intellectual property are: the patent which only provides one right to disallow others from do things which are allowed in the patent. An example would be, any process being performed using genetic engineering in the United States required a license from Stanford University to US Patent 4,237,244 (the Cohen-Boyer patent) but this expired on December 11, 1997.The copyright would be the next protection that gives authors of published work the ability to be protected by the law of copyright infringement. The protection for copyright is 70 currently 70 years but it also much narrower than the patents because what is actually written down, and derivative works are written down. An example of copyright protection would be a published books, electronic publishing, software, and diagnostic questionnaires. Trademarks would be another protection because the trademarks protect words, names, symbols, sounds, or colors that separate, and analyzes goods and services.The difference with trademarks is that they can be renewed forever, and patents cannot, but as long as it represents and is used for business purposes only. Know-hows are basically the technical knowledge and experience to do certain things, but the difference with know-hows is that there not protected under the law, but it does hold a significance value if one doesn’t understand or isn’t able to practice an invention. Trade secrets are very important and protected because these are secrets among companies who compete with other organizations and the secrets give them an upper hand against the competitors.Trade secrets protect biological materials and software. Masks works is the last protected and it basically is a series of related images whether fixed or encoded. Masks works are similar in protection under the law to copyright. The legal issues of e-business are the rise of internet and global marketing because small business owners do not want to hear about intellectual property right because they feel that it is a waste of time and money, and those two are very important for small business owners.The privacy and security issues of the e- business can start at viruses getting through the computer which can hurt a small business because the customers may not feel comfor table and secure about shopping online due to viruses, spams and emails being sent out to customers and business associates, and the viruses can end up shutting down the organization system through the computer.Hackers can get into financial statements, and different business accounts and personal client information that can lead to major problems like identity theft and a firewall would have to be put in place to block unauthorized individuals access to business information. Loss of important data can also be a major issue for a small business due to privacy and security scandals. A back up protocol would have to be put in place so that the company can regain access to important information, and loss business files needed to effectively run the organization.Ethics also plays a major role in many different issues related to the e business because security and privacy are the number one ethical issues of the e business even though companies are aware of hackers and are protecting the information, the issue is maintain the online security at all times due to expense and new technology allow hackers to become more advanced at hacking through the internet.The privacy issue plays a big part with the e business because the digital storage and back up files leaves behind important information that can be used against the organization, the employees of the organization, the customers of it, and the potential investors that invest in the company. In conclusion this article review has when into detail and explained the different types of laws that fall under protection of the e business, and the legal protection provided within the laws. The review has described and provided examples of each, analyzed the legal issues of e-business to include intellectual property, privacy, ethics, and security.This review has provided every aspect of the law and legal protection under the e business along with the many different issue it faces on a daily basis. References Retrieve from : http://www. nytimes. com/2009/08/06/business/smallbusiness/06guide. html? _r=0 Retrieved from https://ecampus. phoenix. edu/content/eBookLibrary2/content/DownloadList. aspx? assetMetaId=975fc4-9d85-4785-93f4-867c4ee6986d&assetDataId=ba00b38d-2bb3-465c-b189-549fe15eedf4 http://www. ebusinesscounsel. com/clients/e-commerce-a-internet-law

Organizational Behavior, Terminology and Concept Essay

Various types of business are characterized by industry groupings, target clients and the line of services to achieve the tangible market value. The growth of industries is brought about by the significant change of consumer needs, transition of labor forces, commodity supply and emerging market modalities. This development poses the challenge to diversify the â€Å"business line†, in which the process involves organizational innovation as a â€Å"makeover† of getting in to a trendy business environment. This paper will discuss the organizational character to the type of a client-based services relating to hotel business. The Radisson As an overview, we have selected the Radisson Hotels and Resorts as the term of reference in discussing the topic on organizational behavior, terminology and concept. To cite a brief background, the Radisson is one of the world’s finest traveler’s hubs that cater the services of 395 hotels and resort franchises in 65 countries. Based on its business profile, the Radisson commits to â€Å"revolutionize† strategic operations, franchising, use of technology, sales and marketing, to achieve effective and competitive business enterprise (The Radisson, 2008). Organizational behavior The term â€Å"organizational behavior† refers to interactions of people within an organization. The interaction relate to the system of management and style of leadership focus at achieving the vision, mission and goals of the organization. To correlate, the Radisson has its structured â€Å"executive leadership† functions, such as (1) managing out-country or international franchising, (2) in-country management, and (3) specialized hotel management. Meaning, the executive leadership has its compartmentalized operational focus for its vision, mission and goals of â€Å"expanding global presence† (The Radisson, 2008). Organizational culture The â€Å"organizational culture† is also called as â€Å"corporate personality† that describes the character of an organization. This character is aligned or positioned to gaining the competitive edge of business, in a way the â€Å"projection† of business values is reflective of the quality of services from assimilating individual skills. This could be best exemplified by Radisson’s corporate framework on â€Å"service deluxe†, wherein the company generates proficient employees being strictly trained for efficient and effective guest-service that made the â€Å"corporate brand† for Radisson. Diversity A multi-cultural-racial working environment is defined as a workplace of diverse technical skills, talents, ethnicity, gender and beliefs. Thus, the diversity is an assimilating organizational strength when developed towards the company’s perspectives, in which the â€Å"inert† nature of diversity is motivated by focusing on human development. As cited, the Radisson’s human development framework focuses on workforce diversity by establishing a â€Å"multicultural development center† for employees to enhance self-confidence, promote dignity of labor, uphold equal treatment and respect, fair labor practices, increase sensible communication skills, and internalize business values. On the other hand, the employees are provided with comprehensive welfare and benefits aside from above industry-standard salary rates (according to position level and tenure of employment) productivity incentives and substantial pension plans (The Radisson, 2008). Communication The aspect of communication within an organization is crucial because it expresses or conveys the â€Å"life† of achieving the vision, mission and goals. Communication is patterned within the â€Å"structural system† of organization as an integral part of interpersonal interactions and establishing of common objectives or synergy. As mentioned above, the Radisson has critical focus on the diversity of workforce through human development framework and created the multicultural development center. One that can exemplify organizational communication is Radisson’s multicultural development center’s innovative training component which consistently provide a â€Å"corporate forum† that is work-centered and employee-focused in order to further develop organizational sensitivity and responsiveness. Business ethics It says that business ethics is the business value. In other words, doing business must conform with the ethical standards or implementing judicious business practices that depicts a healthy organization. However, it may not only the â€Å"center† of business that is judiciously undertaken but harnessing the values of corporate responsibility, thus, reaching out the overall source of business. This kind of business ethics through rekindling corporate responsibility could be cited from Radisson’s â€Å"tradition of service through volunteerism and philanthropy to community causes†, such as the World Childhood Foundation was created as a global charity organization for child-victims of abuse (The Radisson, 2008). Change management According to Change Consulting, the change management is aim to implementing effective organizational method and system. To cite, the â€Å"change† is to control the flow of management that is exemplified by re-structuring the organization from top to bottom level of personnel, in which the process is also referred to as â€Å"streamlining† or revamp of workforce in line with the innovative implementation of programs or operations (Nickols, 2006). As change management is essentially characterized by â€Å"organizational restructuring† correlating to make effective the performance of business, the Radisson’s diversified business operation is perceived to be adopting the process of change management as it continue to innovate the â€Å"business culture† of efficient service and indicative of its vision, mission and goals for â€Å"expanding global presence†. Conclusion The contemporary transitions of industry trends pattern the organizational performance.  Several archetypes of enterprises have found to be encouraged by a holistic approach of assimilating the business venture with communities. Like Radisson, the process of diversified venture has dwell on developing the diverse workforce as one of its corporate responsibilities. Today’s diversified businesses keep abreast to the development of global economies and societies in order to benchmark the performance of market values. However, the market values may not be beneficial to the overall perspectives of consumerism without the incentives of social response from the business sector. Thus, corporate governance is found to be essential as a â€Å"social investment† to the welfare of consumers, aside from the direct-service patronage. It may be then said that the overall discussions depicted in this paper is a pretext to the basic processes of organizational effectiveness that may draw impact to the industry and transformative values in the life of the organization towards a dynamically efficient workforce and socially secured workplace.

Minority parents and child discipline Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Minority parents and child discipline - Essay Example There are differences in the way children are punished by African American/Southern parents compared to their Caucasian/New England counterparts. Such variations are seen in other minority groups like Hispanic Americans, Korean Americans, etc. Chinese and Indian American parents’ methods and attitudes toward child discipline have particularly attracted comment and criticism. For example, in these communities, emphasis on academic excellence is very high. And parents accomplish this by imposing strict controls over her their children’s personal, family and social lives. The children are seldom allowed to indulge in extracurricular activities, get any grade other than an A, and not master musical instruments at a young age. Behind this grand ambition for her children, there goes a lot of hard work from all involved. And it is due to this kind of strictly regimented, industrious and highly ambitious life-style imposed on their children that they were able to achieve so muc h success in such a short time. The parents are of the firm conviction that they are the best judges of what is good for their children and resolutely act to attain those goals. Hence what might come across as child abuse at first might actually be effective child rearing practice when seen in the larger context. The problems arise, when punishment comes in conflict with state and federal laws for child protection.

Managing Interest Rate and Exchange Rate Volatility Assignment

Managing Interest Rate and Exchange Rate Volatility - Assignment Example Buckley (1996) identifies two other types of interest rate risk, which include basis risk and Gap risk. If interest rates are determined on a different basis for assets and liabilities then a firm having loans and debts will face basis risk. A company faces basis risk when the interest rates on its loans and debts are determined using different basis. (Buckley, 1996) Assume for example that Kaufman & Connelly Plc issues a fixed rate bond to fund its financing needs and at the same time gives out a loan to another party at a floating interest rate. Her interest payments will therefore be fixed while interest receipts will be variable and will depend on prevailing rates. She will therefore be facing basis risk since her interest expenses and revenues will be determined on different basis. A company faces gap risk when it has both fixed rate liabilities and assets. When fixed rate liabilities exceed fixed rate assets then there is positive Gap, with a positive gap a rise in short term rates increases margins while declining rates decrease margins. On the contrary if fixed rate liabilities are less than fixed rate assets, then there is negative gap. In this case a rise in short-term rates decreases margins while a decrease increases margins.(Buckley, 1996). Elekdag and Tchakarov (2006). Changes in interest rates have also been the major determinants of business cycles or trade cycles in emerging markets such as Thailand in recent times. (Elekdag and Tchakarov, 2006). The figure above is an indication of how interest rates and business cycles are related in Thailand. High interest rates lead to low output whereas low interest rates lead to high output. Therefore Kaufman & Connelly Plc is likely to face decreases in demand for its products during a period of the high interest rates and increases in demand during lower interest rates. ii. FOREIGN EXCHANGE EXPOSURE Exchange rate exposure can be defined as the degree to which a firm's cash flows, assets, liabilities and value can be affected by exchange rate movements. (Buckley, 1996). According to Buckley (1996), assets, liabilities, profits or expected future cash flows are said to be exposed to foreign exchange risk when a change in exchange rate would result in either a positive or negative change in the home functional currency (home currency) value of the asset, liability, profit, expected cash flow or firm value. The term "exposure" used in the context means that the firm has assets, liabilities, profits or expected future cash flow streams such that the home currency value of assets, liabilities, profits or the present value in home currency terms of expected future cash flows changes as changes in exchange rates occur (Buckley, 1996: pp 133). From the foregoing foreign-currency-denominated assets and liabilities as well as expected foreign-currency-denominated future cash flow streams are clearly exposed to exchange rate risk. (Buckley, 1996; Shapiro, 2003). Buckley (1996) also notes that home-currency-denominated expected future cash flows may also be exposed to foreign exchange risk. For example, a firm based and selling goods in the United States may be competing with European firms and as such its expected future c

Unit #7 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Unit #7 - Assignment Example Most disabled children are easily subjected to ungovernability and truancy charges. According to Miller (2008, P. 113, C.2, Para. 1), there were97 deaf inmates at the Texas State Prison with 61% of them being convicted of violent offenses, 19% illegal drug violations, and 11% were convicted of other petty crimes like indecent exposure. Various schools are obligated to single out students with special needs like deafness and give them specialized treatment (Tulman, & Weck, 2010, P. 878, Para. 2). Failure to efficiently adopt this, deaf students will be more vulnerable to committing various crimes. Additionally, deaf students are likely to commit status offences which are, by classification, a particular category of non-criminal misbehaviors, (Tulman, & Weck, 2010, P. 879, Para. 2). Despite the fact that the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Act (JJDPA) has advocated for the deinstitutionalization of status offences, several deaf offenders have ended up in correctional facilities. Due to their perceived naivety and disabilities, deaf inmates are highly vulnerable to sexual assaults and other discriminations in prisons, Vernon (2010, P.311, C.2, Para. 2). Additionally, some are subjected to forced treatments against their will in the correctional facilities. Subsequently, most prisons even do not know their deaf inmates are making it hard for them to get access to parole services. Moreover, it is uncommon for the jury to incarcerate deaf defendants experiencing linguistic incompetence, Miller (2008, P. 117, C.2, Para. 2). For instance, the case of Mr. J, who was deafened by meningitis, aged 3. Mr. J was treated harshly by a policewoman after he accidentally scratched a Corvette at a dinner. After being assaulted by more policemen, he was jailed without treatment. Additionally, he was tried without an interpreter. About 40% of deaf defenders experience communication

International Human resource Mangament Case Study

International Human resource Mangament - Case Study Example They will also shed more light into their cultural expectations to curb the culture shock. Second, have welcoming program and manual for new employees of different cultures when they go to work for the company branches in countries different from theirs in order to help them get acclimatized with the expectations of that culture sooner. The policy should not impose cultural expectation to the foreigners but let them be free to decide on issues like accommodation on their own to avoid the awkwardness and also emphasize privacy and freedom. This would attract more foreigners and increase the diverse workforce (Adekola and Sergi, 2007). 3. Chinese firms generally suffer from a poor image of low product quality, poor CSR and HRM. How would you help Lenovo to attract non-Chinese talent to work for the Company in its global operations, particularly outside China? One way is to establish diversity in their management with no discrimination whatsoever of gender, race or age to help attract more foreigners. The company should also use a bottom-up approach when trying out CSR activities. The employees should be fully engaged in these decisions. This will help them feel part of the company and being appreciated and this virtue attracts many people. The development and enforcement of cross-cultural management policy will also be an added advantage to the company since people will feel their needs are being addressed and hence become comfortable with working with the company (Caligiuri, Lepak and Bonache,

Reproposal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Reproposal - Essay Example On March 17-2011, about 1000 Saudi troops were deployed to Bahrain from Peninsula Shield Force for aiding the Bahraini authorities to get control of the local situation. This act was criticized and condemned by the Iranian authorities. The Iran’s criticism was highly opposed in the Saudi news papers by the Saudi officials. This news had three perspectives engraved in it. One perspective is that of the Saudi government and Bahraini regime, the second perspective is that of the protestors in Bahrain and third perspective is of the Iranian officials. This paper will seek to investigate that whether the print media in Saudi Arabia was biased or not in covering this story or were the Saudi newspapers manipulated by the Saudi authorities for their own interest. It will be important to determine how well the three perspectives were covered by the Saudi newspapers to convey the truth to the people. Justification News provides us with information on every aspect of life, and can relate to individuals or entire nations of people. Thus, the legitimacy of news as well as the freedom of press and speech have always been the controversial and debatable issues, particularly in a country like Saudi Arabia, which is an important and influential Islamic state governed by a Monarchy regime. News coverage in an Islamic state goes through various filters, especially if related to terrorism, extremism or other controversial topics. This compels the states to take extra measures in relation to how they want to portray their image in the media, both locally and internationally. Thus, the media in Saudi Arabia does not enjoy the freedom of press, like any other country in the Middle East, mainly due to the government pressure. The news presented to the audience in these countries goes through a substantial amount of processing, screening and editing before being delivered. Eventually, the common people sometimes only acquire a limited amount of information based on the actual re ality. Despite the obstacles, journalists and reporters in Saudi Arabia strive to provide the unbiased truth to their audience. Their job is tough due to various factors and issues, notably the strict regulations and the scrutiny of print media that influences the publishing and shaping of news in Saudi Arabia. In response to these regulations, most newspapers in Saudi Arabia have looked to acquire transparency and credibility with the help of international groups including CASTOR (Circulation Audit Steering Organisation). This is a joint venture of the GCC Advertisers’ Business Group, the IAA (International Advertising Association) and the Media Agencies’ Council, formed in the UAE in 2005 with the goal of promoting the adoption of circulation auditing so to increase transparency and credibility in the print media industry. Given all this information, it is clear that the dissertation topic offers a great deal of research and investigation of the news content on the B ahrain case as published in Saudi news papers. Literature Review Saudi Intervention The military intervention by Saudi Arabia could crush the peaceful transition in Bahrain while regionalizing a domestic political struggle. It could also aggravate the sectarian conflict in Bahrain and also across the Gulf region. Saudi Arabia,

THE EARLY REPUBLIC Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

THE EARLY REPUBLIC - Coursework Example He one time owned more than 40 slaves in his plantation in early 1774 including children belonging to his slaves who began working for him at the age of ten. People felt that his acts contradicted his belief where every human had a right to liberty. He was forced to abolish the slave trade, thus upsetting other elite planters who depended on slavery for their riches. Thirdly, Artisans in England consisted of individuals such as Paul Revere who is termed as a revolutionary of his time. In 1964, he opposed the British policies that touched on revenue, thus spending much of his time attending meetings and educating people through his anti-British slogans. One of the policies that he was upset at is referred to as â€Å"Resisting the Navigation Act† which restricted their trading practices with other people. (Andrews 31) Yeomen farmers occupied the smallest lands in the southern colonies an idea that made fee neglected by the government. Despite spending much of their energy working hard on their farms, they found themselves in powerful positions in the imperial government. The main reason Yeomen wanted political positions were for them to get a favorable channel where they could address their grievances such as the infringement of a free man’s right. Lastly, the frontier settlers included the Scots and Germans who were awarded a piece of land under the â€Å"Declaration of trans-Appalachian settlement policies† by King George III (Andrews 53). He declared that the mountainous land situated to the west of Appalachian would not be occupied by any white because it belonged to the Indians. The whites’ were upset with this decision because this land was not to be sold to them and that the existing residents were forced to

Historic tenets of urban planning Essay Example for Free

Historic tenets of urban planning Essay The Third World Cities have seen extra- ordinary growth in their urban expansion since 1950. The world 10 most populous cities are located in the third world countries. The urbanization has changed the way of life for the people living there. On one side these megacities have become economic giant for their countries, on other they have also created problems such as disease, congested traffic, pollution and sacristy of resources with a huge gap among haves and have not. As these cities are unplanned and this urbanization is a sudden experience, it is natural for the Third world countries to be surrounded by these surmounting troubles, unless they choose the way out. Historic tenets of urban planning The evidence of urban planning can be found the ancient cultures such as Roman and Greek cities and in ancient cities in India and Egypt as well. The Indus civilization in Pakistan is recognized as the first civilization to have a completely developed urban planning. In 2600 BC, before the arrival of Harapa and Mojodharo, the small towns grew into bigger towns and eventually became cities with thousands of people living in. These people did not have agricultural society as their cities depicts, showing a homogenous culture, however diapered suddenly from the course of history with their cities still intact. These cities are well planned and follow a consistent design, which clearly shows that they were built according to a conscious plan, and is considered the first developed urban plan. Similarly the Romans used to built their cities according to a proper city plan, with military and civil defense and many European cities still appear to follow that pattern. In their plan, the city has a central plaza or market, which is surrounded by streets and walls with short cuts to cut the time short for pedestrians and often the city, has river or stream in the center to provide water and carry sewage out of the city (Crouch, 2003) During the last two hundred years the Western world urban planning has gone through extensive changes in its planning and design. In the industrial age, the control of the city was held by the wealthy few, while the rest of the population lived in slums and sewage. In the 20th century a movement started to change this urban structure and to provide healthy environment to its people. Thus arose the concept of garden city, which were small in size but were basically model towns with few thousand people. In the early 1920s the concept of modern city emerges, such as Paris but they were destroyed during World Wars (Gaffikin, 1999). It was only after WWII that the new cities started to take shape place, however it was not until 1970s, that cheap block construction created an easy and efficient way of creating new buildings. The main objective of the concept of modern planning is to regulate the building activities and set the limits on building and neighborhoods. According to Hopkins (2001) the postmodern planning is composed of the following essential elements: Aesthetics Planning In postmodern urban plans, the most essential element is taking aesthetics more seriously, which meant to add beauty to homes and building. The important aspect of a city planning is zoning, maximizing and managing the use of land and pace of urban development. Safety The houses in modern urban plans are designed to incorporate well with existing municipal services. The cities extreme zones are planned in a way that such dangers can be defused and houses in such areas are equipped with emergency operation and secure evacuation centers. Transport Planning A good urban plan has well developed transport system which cater to the needs of it commuters. Good transport system avoids traffic congestions and effectively carries commuters into different parts of the city without hassle. And automobiles in a city are well suited it meets its requirement, such as spacious roads and parking lanes, which can handle traffic in rush hours. Effective Sub-urban Planning A successful urban plan brings benefit to larger city area by making the towns and urban environment spacious. Planning and the environment In advanced urban or village planning models, taking care of ecology is inevitable. The modern urban planning includes pastures and gardens to keep natural environment consistent with the city.

Water and Quality Contamination Essay Example for Free

Water and Quality Contamination Essay Introduction. Background: According to the Millennium Development Goals Report 2012, 783 million people, or 11 per cent of the global population, remain without access to an improved source of drinking water. Also the United Nations has long been addressing the global crisis caused by insufficient water supply to satisfy basic human needs and growing demands on the world’s water resources to meet human, commercial and agricultural needs (un.org). In this experiment water quality and contamination of groundwater was investigated. First, I observed the effects that many pollutants have on groundwater. I predict that in this experiment the oil and vinegar will create the large amount of contamination in the water, while the laundry detergent will just create an aroma smell to it. Considering the smells and color to these ingredients I think that it will cause the water quality to have a bad smell and cause the water to be very cloudy. Once filtering the contaminated water, the water will be clear and purified. Second, I will experiment water treatment and filtering. I predict that once the contaminated water is treated and filtered that it will leave me with less contamination or none at all. Then for the last experiment, I will determine the difference between bottled water and tap water to discover any contamination. I predict that the tap water will be the most contaminated and with the most chemicals in it, while the bottled waters; Dasani and Fiji will be completely filtered and free of any chemicals. Objective: The objective of groundwater sampling is to determine whether or  not the quality of the water is poor or valuable enough to drink, and then it leads to decontamination and filtering. Contaminants can move from food, soil, air and water. It is important to note that groundwater and surface water may act both as pathways. Evaluation of surface and ground waters as part of contaminated site investigation studies is, therefore, a major concern. Hypothesis: There were three different steps to this investigation to determine the final hypothesis. The first experiment was the effects of groundwater contamination, second was water treatment and third was drinking water quality. There are a variety of portable sampling devices available for the collection of groundwater, however, each application has different standards and is dependent on the contaminants. A number of different sampling devices and their being able to be used are used to determine the contamination. Techniques for the preservation and analysis of samples and quality assurance and quality control are also presented. Materials and Methods: Experiment #1: In order to determine my final hypothesis I had to experiment many different methods. The first method was to experiment the effects of groundwater contamination. My first step to this method was to gather all the proper materials, which included water, vegetable oil, vinegar, laundry detergent, and 240 mL of soil, cheesecloth and beakers. I started by labeling all the beakers 1-8, so that I can do comparisons and so forth. Then, I carried on to filling the beakers with water. Once adding water I then put oil, vinegar and laundry detergent into three different beakers, then mixed them and recorded my observations. After this objective was complete I drained the contaminated water into cheesecloth and recorded my observations from that as well. Experiment #2: In the second experiment, I filtered the water as to how water is properly filtered in order to purify it to drink it. The materials used in this experiment were 100 mL potting soil, beakers, 40 mL sand, 20 mL acti vated charcoal, 60 mL Gravel, alum, bleach, cheesecloth, funnel and graduated cylinder. The first step I took was adding 100 mL of soil to a beaker and adding 200 mL of water to it. Then, with two beakers I went back and forth between the two with the soil  and the sand. Once the solution was created I placed the newly contaminated water into another beaker. Once I completed that I added 10 grams of alum to the contaminated water, stirred it slowly for 2 minutes and waited 15 minutes for results, then recorded them. Meanwhile, I continued to experiment by putting a piece of cheesecloth into a funnel and the funnel into a beaker. On top of the cheesecloth 20 mL of sand, then 20 mL of activated charcoal, then 40 mL of gravel was added. Tap water was then ran through the mixture and waited five minutes to filter and see results. A few drops of bleach were then added to the water to create the filtered water. Then the two results were compared. Experiment #3: In the third experiment, tap water and bottled water were tested and compared to determine if there are health benefits in drinking bottled water. The materials used for this experiment were Dasani and Fiji bottled water, ammonia test strips, chloride test strips, 4-in-1 test strips, phosphate test strips, iron test strips, beakers, Para film, pipettes, and foil packets of reducing powder. First, all three types of water were placed into three separate beakers for further testing. The first test ammonia test strips were used, and then I recorded my results, this process continued with all the other testing strips for my final hypothesis. Hypothesis: My hypothesis was confirmed. At first I did not get much of a good response from the treatment because it was still filled with dirt. The tap water had higher levels of everything during the experiment while the treated water had none. The smell of tap was the smell of city public water while the treated water smelt like bleach. It is better the go through the filtration process. What are the steps to this process are as filtration and disinfection. In this lab I used all these steps to perform water treatment. After this experiment my hypothesis was denied. I thought that the tap water would be the only contaminated water when it was just the most contaminated while the bottled water was indeed clear and filtered, but it was not 100% clear of all contaminants. The major differences are that tap water definitely with holds much more contaminants than bottled or filtered water. My tap water seems as if it isn’t to badly contaminated and is drinkable. I definitely believe that bottled water is a better drinking water and you cant be to safe to consume tap water. Context: Bottled water can come from wells, springs, artesian wells, or the municipal water supply. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulate it as a food product. It is important to note that the FDAs standards are essentially the same as those set by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), which regulates public water supplies. In some states, however, bottled water requirements are stricter than those for tap water are (people.chem.duke). Overall, the experiments went really well and it was good to learn about the water that we intake. Discovering the effects of groundwater contamination and the quality of water was a huge success. In these processes I discovered the importance to having filtrated water. The  process in this involves many different steps, but after taking all the required steps it leads to have clean and purified water, which is benefits society health. Variables and Futures Experiments: The point of experiment one is for us to get an understanding of the difference substances that are affected on ground water. Conclusions The threat of harmful contaminants in drinking water can no longer be reasonably ignored. The correlation between contaminated drinking water and many significant diseases and health problems is far too strong to discount ( historyofwaterfilters). At the end of the day we as people need water to survive. Millions of Americans receive high quality drinking water every day from their public water systems, (which may be publicly or privately owned). Nonetheless, drinking water safety cannot be taken for granted. SDWA applies to every public water system in the United States. There are currently more than 160,000 public water systems providing water to almost all Americans at some time in their lives(water.epa.gov). It is important to know that the water you are drinking in safe and it is healthy it doesn’t matter if the water is from the bottle or the tap. References http://www.historyofwaterfilters.com/conclusion.html http://people.chem.duke.edu/~jds/cruise_chem/water/wattap.html http://www.un.org/en/globalissues/water/ http://water.epa.gov/lawsregs/rulesregs/sdwa/index.cfm

Influence of Ethics in Business

Influence of Ethics in Business INTRODUCTION The purpose of this paper is to show how ethics influences international business. In todays business with the growing competition, there has been a rise of unethical behaviour by managers, employees or even shareholders. To stay in a business and maintain long term profitability it is important to maintain high ethical standards. It is good to point out that even if it means reducing profitability, the company expect employees to follow the ethical policy. Without a proper ethical program or laws, the company may find itself in illegal procedure or lawsuit. Today globalisation has taken place almost all over the world and it presents new opportunities to generate extra value added which deserve exploration. It helps to exploit the countrys competitive advantage and it develops economies of scale. Businesses enter foreign markets by exporting, importing, foreign manufacturing, franchising, licensing. Only recently, many large organisations regarded business ethics in terms of administrative compliance with legal standards and adherence to internal rules and regulations. However today, ethics have become a very important issue. Many organisations now realise that they must comply with the business ethical policies in order to succeed. International business ethics demand greater accountability towards government, laws, people and environment. Chapter two discusses on ethical issues and philosophical approaches to ethics Chapter three put emphasis on the discussion and analysis of international business ethics Chapter four provide conclusion and recommendation CHAPTER 2 2.1 INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS In Wikipedia, the term international business refers to all commercial transactions that is cross border transactions of goods and services and resources which are done between different countries. In fact the following terms are commonly used in international business: multinational, Transnational, globalisation, multi domestic, worldwide and the global marketplace. Many large businesses operate in many different markets. Some examples are McDonald, General Motors, Sony, Shell, Samsung, Toyota, Nike etc. While an organisation operate in another country, its survival depends on a number of factors such as legal, political, economic, language, environmental ,culture, foreign exchange market, labour, climate education. 2.2 BUSINESS ETHICS Business ethics is defined as the behaviour that a business adheres to in its daily dealings with the world. Different business adopts diverse ethics which are suitable for the company. The unethical behaviour of a company can lead to a bad reputation. The way a business conduct itself show the ethical behaviour. Every business should adopt good business ethics. Many global businesses have even been fined worth millions for breaking ethical business laws. Today if a business breaks anti-trust, ethical or environmental laws, it may ends up being fined. And to safeguard business image, it has become important to establish a good ethical policy in any business. The involvement of ethical issues such as the Employment Practices Human Rights, Environment regulations are very common. Many large organisations such as Boeing, BP, Tesco, Shell and so on have their own ethical policies which give guidance in respect of good behaviour in the workplace, business ethics issues and values. Ethics provide the trust necessary for efficient transactions and the glue that holds business together. 2.3 ETHICAL ISSUES IN INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS The economic development, law, culture, political systems are different in all over the world. What seems to be unaccepted in developed countries may be accepted in third world countries. In a multinational business framework, the source and nature of ethical issues and dilemmas are discussed below. 2.3.1 HUMAN RIGHTS Today all international organisations set fundamental standards to protect human rights. Company code is designed to give the employees protection because employees are the most vital asset of the organisation. Charles W L Hill asserts that human rights still are not respected by giving the case of human rights in South Africa. The world has changed so much with the global market that it brings complex challenges for the protection of human rights. According to Amnesty International research, companies can jeopardise the human rights of individuals and communities by their operations. 2.3.2 ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION Developed and developing countries are faced with environmental pollution. Because of lack of environmental regulations ethical issues may arise with the higher level of pollution. In developed countries many environmental regulations such as dumping of toxic chemicals, emission of pollutants and so on are in place whereby in developing countries these laws are lacking. A lot of money is invested to save the planet from environmental pollution. Today many businesses encourage green investment. 2.3.3 EMPLOYMENT PRACTICES It is important to set out proper standards of code of conduct in the host country where business is carried out. The working condition, wages, forced labour or child labour are the ethical issues associated with employment practices. The reason is the work condition may be very poor in different countries. The Nike example clearly illustrates that bad employment practices were carried out in poor nation where children were working workers were getting low wages and a failure to protect employees. 2.3.4 CORRUPTION In this new era as well, corruption plays a vital role in international business. In this context Foreign Corrupt Practices Act prohibits US companies to try to obtain contracts by offering improper payments, gifts to foreign officials. It is against the law for any member of the organisation to influence any foreign official to give any payments or gifts in return of something in the business. It is good to point out that what is considered to be gift in one country may be bribe in another. 2.3.5 MORAL OBLIGATION Indeed organisations have the required power to control their resources and they can as well move their businesses from one place to another. If power is used positively to increase social welfare then it is said to be ethical. However organisations today make it their social responsibility to help the host country and increase their social welfare by giving them something back For example, BP, an oil company make social investments in the place where they do business. 2.4 PHILOSOPHICAL APPROACHES TO ETHICS 2.4.1 STRAW MEN According to business ethics scholars, the straw men approaches does not provide appropriate guidelines for the ethical decision making process. There are four approaches under the straw men philosophy which are discussed below. 2.4.1a THE FRIEDMAN DOCTRINE In the Friedman Doctrine, Milton Friedman argues that any business social responsibility is to increase its profits as far as the organisation stays within the law. He adds that businesses should not undertake any social expenditure. 2.4.1b CULTURAL RELATIVISM Cultural Relativism believes that ethics is the reflection of a culture where a business has to operate according to the ethics of the culture. For instance, if slavery is accepted in a culture, the business has to adopt that culture if operating in that place. 2.4.1c THE RIGHTEOUS MORALIST According to Righteous Moralist, the home country standards of ethics are much better to follow in foreign countries. 2.4.1d THE NAIVE IMMORALIST According to Naive Immoralist, if a firm does not abide by the ethical norms in a host country then the other firm should follow the same path. 2.4.2 UTILITARIAN AND KANTIAN ETHICS Utilitarian approaches to ethics assert that moral worth of practices or actions is determined by their consequences. According to this approach some consequences are good and some are harmful. It highlights the point that it is important to weigh the cost of business action and its social benefits. However the action should be pursued only when the benefit outweighs the cost. In Kantian Ethics, a person is treated as an end but not as a means to the ends of others. According to this philosophy, low wages, poor work conditions, sweatshops are all against the law of ethics. 2.4.3 RIGHTS THEORIES Rights Theories which were developed in the 20th century argues that every individual has fundamental rights and privilege. Indeed these human rights transcend culture and national boundaries. According to the Rights Theorists, a minimum level of morally acceptable behaviour should be followed and they argue that firms should not engage in any business where human rights are violated. The United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights provides basic principles of human rights that everyone should follow. 2.4.4 JUSTICE THEORIES The principle of Justice Theory states that just distribution of economic of goods and services has to be achieved. The just distribution is considered to be fair and equitable. It is good to point out that different justice theories conflict with each other. One of the justice theorists, John Rawls illustrates that there should be equal distribution of goods and services except when an unequal distribution would work to everyones advantage. 2.5 ETHICAL DILEMMAS Managers are faced with real ethical dilemmas. To deal ethically with employment conditions, human rights, corruption, environmental pollution and the proper use of power is not always easy. Ethical dilemmas occur when a manager comes in a situation where it is not ethically acceptable. 2.6 THE ROOTS OF UNETHICAL BEHAVIOUR There are several reasons that make a manager unethical. Personal ethics, organisation culture, unrealistic performance goals, leadership, decision-making processes are all the roots of unethical behaviour. Conflicts of Interests can affect employees objectives concerning the duties and responsibilities directly or indirectly. 2.7 ETHICAL DECISION MAKING Large international corporations have the moral obligation to consider corruption, human rights, environmental pollution, working conditions in their business decisions. Along with these there are a few things that global businesses has to take into consideration for a proper follow up of ethical issues in any business decisions. First of all an organisation has to hire and promote an employee who has a strong personal ethics. In addition it is important to build a business culture where proper ethical behaviour is fully implemented. Moreover not only the corporate leaders have to encourage ethical behaviour in the organisation but they need to act upon it. Consequently the managers need to develop moral courage of the employees so as they can come forward to bring to the attention of any breach of the principles of ethics. Ethics advisors can give guidance in respect of good behaviour in the workplace and business ethics issues and values. 2.8 IMPORTANCE OF ETHICAL POLICY There are several factors which are important to being ethical in any business. First of all a strong ethics programs can reduce potential costly fines. Employees are expected to comply with national, international, local laws. Secondly a strong ethics can help to improve brand image and reputation. The organisation has the ability to attract investment capital. Moreover, it can help to decrease vulnerability to misconduct since they provide necessary training to make ethical decision. Lastly it can affect positively employees commitment to work and enhance customer loyalty. CHAPTER 3 DISCUSSIONS AND ANALYSIS Why is it important to have business ethics in organisation? Today plenty of evidences show that unethical corporate practices lead to decrease profitability of organisations with lawsuits. Since human rights and environmental conservation are very much recognised, the scandals of unethical practices can tarnish public perception of multinational. For example Boeing Company has established a very good framework of business ethics to assure an effective program to prevent and detect violations of law. The Boeing company code of conduct put much emphasis on expected behaviours for all Boeing employees likewise many large organisations have their own ethical policy that have to be followed. Climate change is a vital environmental issue. Nowadays any businesses that damage the environment are challenged by the NGOs, media or government. Protecting the environment and finding new sources of energy are the big challenges for a company since they do not bring easy solutions. In this context Boeing Company managed to achieve carbon neutral growth and holding net emissions constant. In addition it has change the airplane co2 emissions reduction by 70 percent and the noise area by 90 percent. However recently, in the case of China the Ministry of Environment has announced that the air pollution is worsening after the amelioration of economic growth. Moreover pollution of coastal waters also was detected. Being the worlds fastest growing economy it is told that its carbon dioxide emissions will continue to increase. This situation is unethical, since in the long run the health of the citizen can be affected. According to John V Mitchell (1999), business codes of ethics are rooted in national and cultural values which then can be in conflict at international level. Every country has its own culture, values, customs and traditions which are followed by own ethical values and principles. In this context it is difficult to have one international ethical code of conduct to be accepted and followed by all nations. Child labour in poor countries is culturally accepted. But how far is it ethical for a multinational to encourage child labour. Is it easy for multinationals to follow ethically its code of conduct, it is difficult to say. Nike was accused of not monitoring its subcontractors and not providing training on code of conduct. Contract, discrimination, overtime, wages, wages, working condition, child labour were all the issues involving Nike. The Nike case has indeed given lessons to the global market so as to minimise ethical issues. Nevertheless, recently Nike comes into the news for not paying $2.2 million in severance to Honduran Garment workers. The question of moral obligation arises again. Another question may arise about the responsibility of a multinational in a country where human rights are not respected. Still there are countries where freedom of speech, freedom of association, freedom of assembly and freedom from political repression are not respected. According to Charles Mitchell (2003) corruption can affect global market. It manages a countrys development in several ways. It reduces growth, decreases foreign investment, have negative impact on the loan and aid funds. In fact corruption brings high return to the corrupt but it can have no benefit to the people. The United States condemn business gifts however many nations accept business gifts as a good gesture since it tightens business relationship. Marketing should aim at providing accurate information to its customers. Marketing and safety practices should be ethical. Inappropriate marketing can tarnish the image of the Company. The example is Nestle who used wrong advertisement and end up killing babies in poor countries. General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), World Trade Organisation (WTO), International Monetary Fund(IMF), World Bank are those global institutions that manage and regulate the global marketplace. In addition they organise treaties to govern the multinational system. CHAPTER 4 CONCLUSION Developing an organisational and global ethical culture is not easy. The benefits of business ethics is that it contributes to employee commitment, investor loyalty, customer satisfaction and profits. It is of paramount importance not to change rigid values however if required maintain a flexible moral principles so as to provide an effective ethical framework. Today ethics is a must in an organisation since it brings awareness of organisational goal and shows the right way of action. A good ethical behaviour provides a healthy and nice climate of doing business. If an organisation encourages moral values in its business then clients support and attention provides competitive advantage. Thus it can be concluded that globalisation influences the world economy and gain unprecedented power. At international level the complexity of business ethics is not easy to tackle since our values , cultures differ from one another. RECOMMENDATIONS 1. Ethical values should be communicated more effectively to employees. An ethics  programs can reduce potential costly fines from wrongful, fraudulent and illegal  activities. Employees are expected to comply with national, international, local laws   2. Depending on the host country, there should be a proper communication channel that  work best for the business 3. A global company must establish an environment that encourage ethical behaviour 4. Since employeess behaviour has a crucial impact on the profitability of the organisation,  it is important to improve ethical climate of a multinational. The organisation has the  ability to attract investment capital by improving brand image and reputation 5. Training session, awareness of codes of ethics, reward systems should be considered.  The ethics programs can help to decrease vulnerability training to make ethical decision 6. Global market should respect human rights regardless of where their operations are. 7. Corruption has to be tackled and eliminated. 8. Multinationals should be encouraged to work in collaboration with the government of the  host country, NGOs, locals.

British Literature Women Of Lo :: essays research papers

The star football player was about to be forced off the team because of poor academic grades. In desperation, the coach approached the Dean of the college and swore on his honor that he would give the lad a final exam in one of his subjects, and if the boy didn’t pass he would take him from the team immediately.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The night before the big game the coach met with the boy to test him.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"What,† asked the coach, â€Å"is the name of the first recorded piece of British Literature?†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Coach,† replied the boy, â€Å"I don’t have the slightest idea.†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"That’s right!† exclaimed the coach, â€Å"You don’t! Okay, you’re in the starting line-up tomorrow!†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  This could be my story. I play sports-any sport-all sports-football, basketball, baseball you name it. The thought of my enjoying British Literature seems hard for even me to believe.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  When faced with this assignment, I found myself in a slight panic. However, much to my surprise, it wasn’t all that bad.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In going over the choices, I knew I had to choose to write about women, and their roles in these tales. The fact that they were involved in sex, deceit, and adultery had nothing to do with my decision. And as Oscar Wilde said, â€Å"The world is packed with good and evil women. To know them is a middle class education.† I’m certainly a believer in that philosophy! After all, that’s why I’m in school.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In beginning to compare and contrast the role of women the The Wife of Bath’s Tale, by Geoffrey Chaucer, The Second Shepherd’s Play, by Wakefield Master, and Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, by Sir Gawain, one needs to look closely at the stories.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Wife of Bath’s , tale is a brief Arthurian romance incorporating the widespread theme of the â€Å"loathly lady.† It is the story of a woman magically transformed into an ugly shape who can be restored to her former state only be some specific action. It also embodies some surprising traces of the courtly tradition, along with The Second Shepherd’s Play, and Sir Gawain and the Green Knight. All three tales seem to illustrate the transforming power of love for their men. Although they were are different they all showed the effect of their love. That the true lover cannot be corrupted by avarice; love makes an ugly and rude person shine with all beauty. They know how to endow with nobility even one of humble birth. British Literature Women Of Lo :: essays research papers The star football player was about to be forced off the team because of poor academic grades. In desperation, the coach approached the Dean of the college and swore on his honor that he would give the lad a final exam in one of his subjects, and if the boy didn’t pass he would take him from the team immediately.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The night before the big game the coach met with the boy to test him.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"What,† asked the coach, â€Å"is the name of the first recorded piece of British Literature?†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Coach,† replied the boy, â€Å"I don’t have the slightest idea.†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"That’s right!† exclaimed the coach, â€Å"You don’t! Okay, you’re in the starting line-up tomorrow!†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  This could be my story. I play sports-any sport-all sports-football, basketball, baseball you name it. The thought of my enjoying British Literature seems hard for even me to believe.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  When faced with this assignment, I found myself in a slight panic. However, much to my surprise, it wasn’t all that bad.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In going over the choices, I knew I had to choose to write about women, and their roles in these tales. The fact that they were involved in sex, deceit, and adultery had nothing to do with my decision. And as Oscar Wilde said, â€Å"The world is packed with good and evil women. To know them is a middle class education.† I’m certainly a believer in that philosophy! After all, that’s why I’m in school.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In beginning to compare and contrast the role of women the The Wife of Bath’s Tale, by Geoffrey Chaucer, The Second Shepherd’s Play, by Wakefield Master, and Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, by Sir Gawain, one needs to look closely at the stories.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Wife of Bath’s , tale is a brief Arthurian romance incorporating the widespread theme of the â€Å"loathly lady.† It is the story of a woman magically transformed into an ugly shape who can be restored to her former state only be some specific action. It also embodies some surprising traces of the courtly tradition, along with The Second Shepherd’s Play, and Sir Gawain and the Green Knight. All three tales seem to illustrate the transforming power of love for their men. Although they were are different they all showed the effect of their love. That the true lover cannot be corrupted by avarice; love makes an ugly and rude person shine with all beauty. They know how to endow with nobility even one of humble birth.

Environmental Destruction in Southeast Asia due to Golf Course Developm

Environmental Destruction in Southeast Asia due to Golf Course Development The sport of golf has come a long way since it was first played on the wind blown pasture lands of Scotland over 600 years ago. Today, golf courses around the world are in a way their own small ecosystem, where only pieces of the natural environment are a part of these artificial landscapes. Courses are meticulously groomed for both championship and tourist play. The game is taking front stage all over the world and new courses are being constructed everyday. This may be great for the game of golf and the wealthy investor who is making millions off of these luscious green fairways, but what about the drawbacks to environmental degradation that it is causing? The main environmental effects of golf courses in Southeast Asia are similar to those all over the world, but lack government regulation like in the United States. These countries do not have a strict Environmental Protection Agency or other NGOs to keep these issues under control. The main problems between the environment and golf course development that will be discussed in this paper include water usage and contamination, deforestation, the use of toxic chemicals and fertilizers, and the importation of non native grasses. The governments of these countries will also be examined, as to how they are dealing with these problems and how, if at all, they are helping their native people. After discussing the problems of Southeast Asia’s golf boom, this synthesis will go into detail about what can be done to help slow down or eliminate many of these problems.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The world’s golf craze and Japan’s current obsession over the game has swept through the countries of Southeast Asia since the early 1990’s and currently there are over 500 new courses in the region. This compares to a total of only 45 golf courses in these same countries in the early 1970’s. Currently, Malaysia has 155 courses, Indonesia has approximately 90, the Philippines have 80, and Thailand has close to 200 golf courses spread throughout their landscape.(ASIAGOLF) Along with these newly developed golf courses come all of the negative environmental impacts. In many of these countries, the government is either too corrupt, poor or they are focusing their energies on a multitude of other issues. Negative environmental effects are often times low on their pri... ...ts of Golf Course Development." Clubbing Southeast Asia. 12 Apr. 2005 . "Japan Golf Courses and Deforestation (JPGOLFCase)." Japan's Golf Courses and the Environment. 1 Nov 1997. 12 Apr. 2005 . Cassady, Jeff (Bayer Crop Science). Personal interview. 12 Apr 2005. Contact Information: (336) 255-1164 "TED Case Study." Asia Golf and Environment. 1 Nov 1997. 12 Apr. 2005 . Fahn, James David. A Land On Fire. Bolder: Westview, 2003. (Fahn 53-59) Chris, Reuther. "Towards a Greener Game." A New Environmental Awareness is Slowly Taking Hold of the U.S. Golf Industry. Aug 1999. The Academy of Natural Sciences. 14 Apr. 2005 . "Sport and Environment: Thailand's Golf Boom." Forces Behind Thailand's Golf Rush. 12 Apr. 2005 . (Sport and Environment: Thailand's Golf Boom) Morita, Gen . "Global Antigo." The Global Anit-Golf Movement - Manifesto. 4 1993. The Global Anti-Golf Movement. 14 Apr. 2005 . "Impact of golf courses: social, environmental, and economic." Impact of Golf Courses. Barcelona Field Studies Centre SL. 12 Apr. 2005 . Hildebrant, Timothy . "Environmentalists cry 'fore!' in China." csmonitor.com. 16 Jul 2003. the Christian Science Monitor. 12 Apr. 2005 .

Michael D Nobles

Attention: HR Manager Boeing Re: Aviation Technician Opening Dear Sir/Madam: In response to your recent advertisement for an Aviation Technician, I have enclosed a copy of my resume for your review. As you will note, I have spent the past couple of years in the combined areas of ground Transportation, Towing logistics, Security, Alarm, Safety and Emergency systems installation and maintenance and I am looking to maximize my technical and mechanical skills to further business goals and bottom-line objectives. I am seeking to transition to the aviation field and to support this goal I am currently enrolled at the South Seattle Community College where I am pursuing my Aviation Maintenance Technology (AMT) degree. In my candidacy, you will find: A perfect safety record as well as an outstanding Technical and Mechanical Aptitude A team oriented professional with a positive work ethic and deep commitment to providing excellent results A track record of excellent performance as an employee at my various places of employment The proven ability to build genuine rapport I would like the opportunity to meet with you personally where we may further discuss your organization's requirements and my qualifications. I can be reached at home on (425) 793-6223 or on my cell phone: (425) 679-2079. I may also be contacted via email at [email  protected] Thank you for taking the time to review my resume and I look forward to hearing from you soon. Sincerely, Michael D Nobles Enclosure

The production possibility curve

Introduction:The production possibility curve is a curve that represents the total number of goods and services that can be produced in an economy given certain levels of resources in the economy, the productions possibility curve helps check whether an economy has idle resources and if an economy produces optimally then this will result into economic growth, there are factors that lead to a shift in the production possibility curve, this includes changes in technology, change in the productivity of factors of production and increased efficiency and finally the curve will shift as a result of increased resources in the economy.Production possibility curve:The production possibility curve is a curve that represents the maximum or optimal resource usage when both goods and services are produced, the production possibility curve shows the position in which an economy can be producing its goods and services, an economy that produces below the production possibility curve is said to have idle resources, when the point is on the production possibility curve then the economy is optimally using all the resources available in an economy to produce both goods and services.The diagram below shows the production possibility curve:The above diagram is the production possibility curve, when the economy produces at point A then the economy is under producing and there are idle resource in the economy, if the economy produces at point B then the economy is producing optimally where there are no idle resources in the economy, point C is unachievable and an economy cannot produce at this point, this is because the point is above the production possibility curve.Shift in the production possibility curve:The production possibility frontier will shift outward if there is increased productivity in the factors of production. If the productivity of the factors of production improves then the production possibility curve will shift outwards as follows:The other factors that will cause the possibility production curve to shift is the improvement of technology, the curve will shift outward if there is an improvement in the technology in the economy.The discovery and exploitation of resources in the economy will also cause a shift in the production possibility curve, if there is a discovery and the exploitation of resources that are used in the production of goods and services then the curve will shift outwards.Effects of producing more goods for the future to the PPC:When an economy produces more goods then it is possible to achieve the point where the economy utilises all its factors of production and the point of production will be at along the curve, the excess production of goods and services will also tend to influence producers to explore new resources for production and this will lead to a shift in the curve to a higher level.Conclusion:The production possibility curve depicts the total number of goods and services that can be produced in an economy given th e level of resources in the economy, the productions possibility curve helps check whether an economy has idle resources and if an economy produces optimally then this will result into economic growth.  There are factors that lead to a shift in the production possibility curve, this includes changes in technology, change in the productivity of factors of production and increased efficiency and finally the curve will shift as a result of increased resources in the economy.If an economy produces more goods then it achieve the point where the economy utilises all its factors of production and the point of production will be at along the curve, the excess production of goods and services will also tend to influence producers to explore new resources for production and this will lead to a shift in the curve to a higher level.References:Brian Snow (1997) Macroeconomics: Introduction to Macroeconomics, Rout ledge publishers, UK

Learning and Favorite Academic Subject

Speaking section Many iBT speaking questions ask you to talk about things that you enjoy, things that you value, or things that you are good at. Practice with the following topics. Be sure to support your response with specific reasons and details. You have 15 seconds to prepare and 45 seconds to speak. 1. What is your favorite hobby? 2. Describe a talent you have 3. What is a good book that you would recommend? 4. What is your favorite season of the year? 5. Explain about an object that is very special in your life. 6. Describe a holiday you enjoy celebrating 7.What is a possession you value highly? 8. What is your favorite method of transportation? 9. Where is your favorite park or public space? 10. What famous person would you most like to meet1. Describe an interesting trip you’ve taken. 2. What is a difficult problem you’ve had to overcome? 3. What is your favorite memory of childhood? 4. Explain an important lesson you’ve learned in life. 5. Describe a spec ial opportunity that was given to you. 6. Describe a place that you liked to go when you were young. 7. What is something you regret? 8. Explain about a time when you felt very happy. . What was the most enjoyable day of your life? 10. Describe an event that has changed you in some way. TALKING ABOUT THE PLACE YOU LIVE 1. Describe your hometown. 2. What is something about your country that makes you proud? 3. If a visitor came to your country, where would you take them? 4. If you could give a gift to your friend that is symbolic of your country, what would you give them? 5. Introduce a game from your country, and explain why you like to play it. 6. Where is a place in your hometown that you go to relax? 7. If you could visit any country, where would you go? 8.What is the most important room in your house? 9. Explain why your hometown is or isn’t a good place to live. 10. If a friend came to your country to visit, what meal would you prepare1. Describe an interesting class you ’ve taken. 2. Describe some qualities of a good teacher. 3. What are some good ways to learn English? 4. What is your favorite academic subject? 5. Should cell phones be banned from classrooms? 6. Should non-academic classes like art and music they be removed from the curriculum? 7. Besides teaching the basic subjects, what are some ways that school shapes children? 8.Explain about the best teacher you ever had. 9. What is something useful that you learned in school? 10. If you take any class on any subject, what would you study and why What is your idea of the perfect job? 2. Describe a skill you want to learn. 3. How will your life be different in 5 years? 4. Describe your ideal marriage partner. 5. What is a job you admire, but don’t necessarily want to do? 6. What is a skill needed for future success? 7. Describe a trip you are planning to take. 8. Explain what you want to accomplish in the future. 9. In what type of climate would you like to live, and why? 0. What are some things people can do to stay healthy? 1. Explain about a person who has influenced you in some way 2. Describe some qualities of a good friend. 3. What is the best way for parents to discipline their children? 4. What kind of people do you like to meet? 5. Describe a person you admire, and explain why you admire this person. 6. What are some characteristics of a good neighbor? 7. Should children help with the housework? 8. Which parent do you take after the most? 9. Describe someone you enjoy talking with. 10. What is something important that your parents taught you1.If you could solve any problem in the world, what would it be? 2. What are some ways that you can help reduce pollution? 3. Should cars be banned from city centers? 4. How should people who send spam (computer junk mail) be punished? 5. Should people be allowed to clone their pets? 6. Describe how transportation will be different in the future. 7. Describe some ways in which homelessness could be fought. 8. Wh at do you feel is one of mankind’s greatest inventions? 9. Should genetically modified food be sold in supermarkets? 10. What is the most serious problem in the world these days

Research Paper on Fun Things Essay

For this assignment, you will compose a ten-page research paper on a great thinker chosen from the attached list. There are three components to this assignment. The first is that you will write about the major thought, idea, or system of belief for which the great thinker was known. Secondly, you will write about two or three ways in which the teachings of the great thinker influenced history. Thirdly, you will provide a thoughtful analysis of at least one idea touted by the great thinker. You will need to research and properly document eight to ten scholarly sources using the MLA standard for citation. In addition to writing the paper, you will be learning and implementing a way to organize your research and writing. You will receive two grades for this assignment: one for the final paper and one for the research and writing prep work. Research Component Research is an important skill for college students to learn and implement. When done well, research will help strengthen an argument, prove a point, verify facts, and explain with first-hand knowledge. At its most basic level, research is studying the works of experts in any given field. For instance, if I want to research heart surgery, I will locate experts in the field of cardiology and read what they say about the heart. In reading their works, which may consist of published studies, medical journal articles or medical books, or informative medical websites or blogs, I am presuming and appealing to their expert knowledge and skill in an area I know little or nothing about. In short, I’m reading and studying their work in order to learn. For your research paper, you will be appealing to the expert knowledge of a great thinker. You will research articles and/or books that were either written by the great thinker (we call this a primary source) or by someone who studied the great thinker (we call this a secondary source). For example, let’s say you are studying Jonathan Edwards (great puritan theologian). Were you to read and study his actual sermons, you would be researching a primary source. Were you to read and study what John Piper (present day pastor and avid Jonathan Edwards fan) has written about the theology of Jonathan Edwards, then you would be conducting secondary research. Both primary and secondary sources are very valuable when writing research papers. Usually primary research is considered to be the most reliable in that it is closest to the original (the idea originator, the eye-witness account, the photograph, etc†¦). A good research paper will be able to navigate both types of research and carefully integrate it appropriately. For the purposes of this assignment, you’ll be doing both because you’ll be concerned with what the great thinker actually taught and that will best be discovered by his or her actual writings, and you’ll be concerned with how his or her thoughts influenced history, which is most likely written by other scholars. In addition to conducting primary and secondary research, you’ll need to make sure that your sources are consider scholarly; that is, your sources come from people who have appropriate expertise in the field of you are studying. This will not be an issue with your primary sources because you will go straight to the source (i.e., you’ll study the writings or Marx or Lewis), but it will be more of an issue in secondary sources. How to tell if an article or book is considered scholarly or written by an authoritative expert in the field can be tricky, but here are a few rules: 1. Does the author have an educational background that would account for the knowledge in the article or book? 2. In the case of articles, is it published in a peer-reviewed journal? 3. Does the article or book offer analysis and critique of original sources or just give mere impressions or opinions? Another term I have mentioned in regards to research is MLA citation (Modern Language Association). MLA is a method of citation that is used primarily in the humanities that indicates the source of your research. Learning MLA citation rules takes time and lots of effort, but it is a necessary part of conducting and writing a well-researched paper. For this assignment, you’ll need at least eight scholarly sources that may include journal articles or books but may NOT include websites. There will be in-class lectures that will teach you where to locate scholarly resources and how to properly keep track and cite them. As I see it, there are two major avenues of research for this paper: the first is research involving the actual ideas of the great thinker. The second is research involving the analysis of the thinker’s ideas. Content of Research Paper As mentioned in the assignment overview, there are two components to this research paper. The first is that you will research the major idea or set of ideas for which the great thinker was known. This will be the first section of the research paper and will include a thorough explanation of the great thinker’s idea or ideas and he or she came to belief or think in such a way. The second section of the paper will include a discussion on two or three of the major ways the great thinker’s ideas influenced history. The third section is where you provide thoughtful analysis about at least one of the great thinker’s ideas. This is not, necessarily, an argument, but rather it is an opportunity for you to break down the idea and comment on it yourself. Although I’m more interested in your analysis, it may help to research how others have analyzed and critiqued your great thinker’s ideas. In this section you may 1. Critique the thinker’s idea 2. Break down the thinker’s ideas and provide additional clarification or implication 3. Show how different scholars have viewed or interpreted the great thinker’s ideas and whether agree or disagree 4. Show why the thinker’s ideas produced negative or positive effects on society, theology, history, etc. 5. Any combination of the above. Please note that I do not wanting you to write a biography; that is, I do not want detailed discussion on the great thinker’s family history, marriage, hobbies, physical appearance, personal health, friends, etc. unless is it absolutely pertinent to his or her intellectual contribution. Paper Organization Each of you will be required to create an outline for your paper and turn it in as part of the assignment. Additionally, you will be required to keep track of all research and turn in your research notes. Research Organization I will require you to keep track of your sources through Microsoft One Note or Word, whichever works best for you. For every source you look at, you’ll need to record the following information: 1. Source Title- title of the article or book 2. Source Location-book, ebook with web address, journal article with web address 3. Source Citation- MLA citation as it would appear in your works cited page 4. What-what information are you using from the source. If it is short, type it here. If it is a chapter or large section, write down the major idea or some key words and the necessary information to find it in your source easily (page or section numbers, headings, etc.). 5. Plan- how you plan on using the information You will have at least eight records with the above information, although it is much more likely you’ll have more and may not use all sources in the actual writing of the paper. That is okay. Note: Make sure you accurately record information for every source because you won’t remember. Grading Criteria: Each paper will be graded on the following: 1. Accurate, detailed, and thoughtful discussion and analysis of the great thinker’s ideas 2. Coherent, fluid prose 3. Accurate implementation of MLA citation 4. Integration of scholarly sources 5. Proper adherence to Standard English grammar and style 6. Proper adherence to page length and formatting guidelines

Bruno Mars And The Objectification Of Women

Although singer-songwriter Bruno Mars perpetuates many stereotypes about women and money in his music videos, he also challenges traditional views with pro-social messages. Both Mars’s perpetuation of sexual and financial stereotypes and his way of breaking with tradition can be seen particularly clearly in the song 24k Magic.Background Keys writes, that â€Å"In traditional African societies, the bard is a storyteller-singer and above all a historian who chronicles the nation’s history and transmits cultural traditions and mores through performance.† Mars, as a singer-songwriter, fulfills this kind of role today, transmitting cultural messages and mores through his performances to both black and white communities. While some of the messages he conveys may have negative effects on society, others may be beneficial – especially to the black community. Main Song: 24k Magic In the music video for the sing, Mars dances through glitzy areas – most of them casinos with a posse of men. From time to time, women join them. All of these women are skinny and scantily clad. Their hair is straightened. These styles are in keeping with electropop tradition. In the electropop scene, according to Jiminez, â€Å"There was a preference for tight clothing, hair products and even makeup. Photographs reveal Prince’s influence on the style of the time as an effeminate masculinity comes to the forefront.† In Mars’s videos, tight clothing and effeminate masculinity are featured heavily. The tightly clad women are not a part of Mars’s main posse, but instead, dance behind an effeminately masculine Mars and his boys much of the time. Mars and his boys are heavily clad, in pants, jackets, hats, and jewelry. The women are in bathing suits. While Mars and his posse do dance, the women dance more sensually, with barely anything covering their b ottoms as they shake them. They sway their hips provocatively. The video is set in a hotel dripping with gold. The boys drive fancy cars, play the slot machines and drive through the ritzy area without a care. They stack chips on the roulette table as the girls look on admiringly. They drive past lit up casinos. They dance through the halls in luxurious robes. They jet-ski through fountains. Mars sits back in a patio chair outside as women shake their bottoms beside his face. He doesn’t even look at them. Everyone smiles and dances. The way in which Mars objectifies women in his songs supports traditional, negative stereotypes of women in art. Klein writers that â€Å"Visual images throughout art history have revealed the status of women by their appearances and bodily attributes.† She further notes that traditional images of ideal women showed them as available and passive – displayed to appeal to male voyeurs. Women were shown as objects for men’s viewing pleasure. Women’s sexuality in comics and advertisements is often dependent on their ability to attract men.† The same is true of women in music. According to Flynn, â€Å"Women are the most frequent targets of objectification within music lyrics.† Indeed, in one recent study, of billboard hits â€Å"the authors found common themes regarding the objectification of women (women were viewed as objects for men to comment on, look at, even touch, hit, and eat) and sex as a top priority for men (wanting, needing, and experiencing sex).† This is exactly how Mars treats the women in his videos. They are there to show how cool and attractive Mars and his posse are. They are available and largely passive. Their bodies, rather than their minds or desires are what Mars’s video displays. We see more evidence that Mars views women as objects in the lyrics to 24k Magic. In them, he glorifies â€Å"players†, men who play around with a lot of women, and treats them much in the same way he treats other objects like rings and links. For instance, he sings, â€Å"Players, put yo pinky rings up to the moon.† Mars, in this song, is completely obsessed with money and material things and girls are among these materials. â€Å"Twenty-four karat magic in the air,† he sings, glorifying the pursuit of wealth. â€Å"I bet they know soon as we walk in (showin up) Wearing Cuban links designer minks Inglewoods finest shoes.† Here, he tells his listeners that possessing things like Cuban links and designer minks will grant them status. Possessing these things will make people know who they are. Not only that, but possessing money and wealth will help them obtain women. â€Å"Oh shit, Im a dangerous man with some money in my pocket,† he boasts,  "So many pretty girls around me and they waking up the rocket.† Mars further emphasizes that it is his ability to win women and to spend money that win him recognition as he sings, â€Å"Everywhere I go they be like oh, so player!† and â€Å"Spend your money like money ain’t shit.† He objectifies women once more in the end, singing, â€Å"I gotta show em how a pimp can get it in.† Here, he glorifies men who sell women and, once again, portrays women as mere sexual objects. 24k Magic is not the only song in which Mars treats women like objects. In songs like Uptown Funk he sings about living it up in the city and praises girls like Michelle Pfeiffer for being â€Å"straight masterpieces.† And in â€Å"That’s what I like,† he sings almost exclusively about money and sex with lyrics like, â€Å"Go pop it for a pimp, pop-pop it for me† and â€Å"â€Å"Sex by the fire at night Silk sheets and diamonds all white.† While it is clearly true that Mars objectifies women, what is less clear is whether this objectification is harmful to them. Some argue that it is. Nussbaum, for instance notes that â€Å"Feminist thought, moreover, has typically represented mens sexual objectification of women as not a trivial but a central problem in womens lives, and the opposition to it as at the very heart of feminist politics.† On the other hand, some argue that objectification can be a good thing. Cass Sunstein writes, â€Å"Peoples imaginations are unruly It may be possible to argue, as some people do, that objectification and a form of use are substantial parts of sexual life, or wonderful parts of sexual life, or ineradicable parts of sexual life.† Furthermore, by rejecting the norms of a society which suggests the objectification is bad, Mars may be championing an idea of sexual freedom that society represses. Green writes â€Å"There’s an agent of subversive reversal of negative stereotypes and portrayals of African-Americans embedded within the prosocial text of some rap lyrics.† In spite of the fact that videos those made by like Mars and his counterparts objectify women and black women in particular, â€Å"Black females generally reported more satisfaction with the shapes of their bodies [than white women] and less susceptibility to the negative effects of media.† Perhaps, then, there is something gratifying about Mars’s prosocial messages and his rejection of white mores. Gracyk suggests that we analyze art to help us understand human behavior. Perhaps Mars’s songs give us some insight into why black women have higher esteem than their white counterparts. And perhaps his rejection of society’s rules leads to greater positivity.

SEE and Create Topics Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

SEE and Create Topics - Coursework Example When I think of electricity, high voltages, and lightning, I would automatically associate them with immense forms of power and I can only wonder how it can be controlled in such a way that it would create a musical piece. I have seen other musical displays before such as those accompanied by fireworks, lights, or water. However, the use electricity, channeling like lightning and even creating distinct and controlled sounds offers a more exciting and engaging show. b. The subject of the art is a woman. Colors involved in the art can be divided into two parts: a warm and natural palette on the upper portion and vivid and flashy colors on the bottom. The elements of design and composition are timing, motion arcs, and overlapping actions. a. Understanding the story or plot in the animation is somehow challenging, wherein a woman is confronted with some obstacles in her way. However, I think that the main feature of this art form is to showcase the fascinating concepts of timing and multi-dimensional motion. In Diane Meyer’s Italy VI: 2009, 2011, hand-sewn archival ink-jet print embroidered photo of a scenic image of a land form, the easily distinguishable crisscross pattern of the embroidery adds depth to an already pronounced art of photography. The sewn tiles in the photograph are intricately designed to attain unity and balance with the original photo. It is evident that Chinese tea cups are among the world’s most beautifully created ceramic art. The significance of tea cups in Chinese culture and tradition can be traced to several centuries ago. This segment hosted by Stephen Fry gives a hilarious side of the history of Chinese tea cups, together with his guests; they brought me to a big laugh and at the same time gave me a brief but informative knowledge on the magnificent tea cups of early

Five Forces of Competition Model Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Five Forces of Competition Model - Case Study Example The second force considers the threat created by new market entrants. The railroad business requires huge capital in starting a business operation. Moreover, potential new players lack access to land that is essential for the development of rail networks. The advancement of other transportation systems also hinder the widespread investment in this industry. For current players, the market remains stable as the rate of receiving new entrants is low. The bargaining powers of buyers stands as the third force (Hill & Jones, 46). In the railroad industry, buyers possess little bargaining power. The charges incurred in transportation are a dictate of legal laws regulating prices. Therefore, buyers lack power in price control. Moreover, the importance of goods transported through rail such as agricultural products limits the bargaining power of the buyers. The fourth force suggested by Porter considers the power of suppliers. In the case of railroad transport, suppliers hold a significant power. Union Pacific Corporation notes that the companies in the trade over-rely on specific suppliers for locomotive parts. Consequently, the withdrawal of one of the suppliers serves as a major challenge for these players. Suppliers in this industry control major processes of operation. The fifth force evaluates the threat of substitutes. The transportation industry offers substitutes in the shipping and air freight industries. Shipping costs sign ificantly cheaper while air transport remains faster. However, railroads remain significant due to their large operations on the land. Their major substitutes primarily operate in the air and water. Based on this analysis, the railroad industry stands out as unattractive. Challenges of competition create substantial problems. Moreover, the high cost of operation and the power of suppliers makes the industry unstable and unsustainable by new

To what extent do you agree with the Slovak proverb 'The more Essay

To what extent do you agree with the Slovak proverb 'The more languages you speak, the more of a person you are How is this no - Essay Example The word 'identity' has taken on a different meaning. Identity has become part of the chaotic behaviour creating social perception (Freeman79 ) "Identity is a complicated cycle process: knowing, claiming and recognizing". (Chryssochoou 2000) which requires the use of language to communicate. The process of socialization, and communication have become the part of the sociolinguist's job. In this essay we will identify the complex meaning of identity and associate it with the meaning of language. Multiple identities are related to the multiple roles we take in society. It will be shown that speaking a second language, is not an extension of the first language thus a countable number of identities but another set of independent roles in itself. As an independent set of roles is established, a new pluralistic identity has been established. A bilingual person can perceive himself as a different set of identities depending on which language he is speaking. An English speaker will not speak the same language at home as he will speak at work in a foreign country. Or if he does speak at work it will not be at the same linguistic level as it would be if he were speaking to native English speakers. A multilingual personal will have more identities. The more languages a person speaks the more identity roles he will have. Building a better self identity of a L2 learner is done through the use of L1 in the classroom. This technique is the opposite that 20 years ago. Only the target language was thought as being the best result for teaching. As the proverb is dealing with two distinct topics, the essay will deal define the concept of identity then show how identity changes with the concept of multilinguism and then show it affects identity differently. The globalization of languages will be presented to show the effect on languages. A Sociological approach to self identity "The core of an identity is to put the "self" into a "role" and integrating the meanings and expectation s with the role and the performances" (Stets & Burke, 2000). Self is comprised of the mind as the thinking part (Stets & Burke, 2000). The thinking part creates action by the use of language as a means of communication. The concept of one's self or self concept is a collection of meanings used based on information that we have interpreted or gathered from others and taken as information about our 'evaluation' of our existence. (Chryssochoou, X 2000) The language two learner builds his acquisition on how the quality of his performance is perceived by others. Our sense of changing from the learner and the others can be perceived as idealistic or realistic, as the level of the learner is constantly changing (the classroom versus the real environment) Most of what we know about ourselves come from our environment. . Two dimensions of Self esteem have been identified: seeing oneself as competent and capable and feeling that one is accepted and valued (Chryssochoou, X 2000). Self worthine ss and having the ability to succeed are important in establishing the identity theory."In terms of language acquisition, efficacy is a belief about one's ability to become fluent" (Bandura 1995) Identity is a generic term as it is complex and multi-faceted. "The identities are the meanings, one has as a student, a teacher, a mother, a worker†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦" (Stet & Burk, 2000). The Identity Theory in Sociology takes into account 5 common principles

Effective use of business principles and practices Essay

Effective use of business principles and practices - Essay Example n abilities and skills that influence the leader to provide these followers with the desired resources so leaders can sucessfully conduct the task of attaining organization’s aims and objectives. One of the main tasks conducted by leaders is influence their followers to accept change inorder to implement changes in the organization as changes are very important if an organization has to prosper in its business. It is the duty of the leader to ensure that followers understand the importance of the change not only for the organization, but even for the followers themselves. The leader has to make sure that followers are ready to accept change, they do so by supplying the true picture of the change to the followers and informing them about the various advantages and disadvantages of implementing these change (Northouse, 2007). Success of a leader is determined by how well he has been able to influence its followers and whether organaizzation goals and objectives have been achieve d in the best possible